Diastop™
Loperamide Hcl 2mg
Description / Properties
Diastop™
Chemically Diastop is (Loperamide hydrochloride), 4-(p-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-N, N-dimethyl- a,
a-diphenyl-1-piperidinebutyramide monohydrochloride, a synthetic anti diarrheal for oral use.
Pharmacokinetics
Loperamide HCl is easily absorbed from the gut. But it is almost completely extracted and metabolized by the liver, where it is conjugated and excreted via the bile. The half life of Loperamide HCl in man is 10-8 hours with a range of 9-14 hours. Studies on distribution in rates show a high affinity for the gut wall with a preference for binding to receptors of the longitudinal muscle layer. Excretion mainly occurs through the faeces.
Pharmacodynamic
Loperamide HCl acts by slowing intestinal- motility and by affecting water and electrolyte movement through the bowel. It inhibits peristaltic activity by a direct effect on the circular and longitudinal muscles of the intestinal wall. In man Loperamide HCl prolongs the transit time of the intestinal contents. It reduces the daily fecal volume, increases the viscosity and bulk density and diminishes the loss of fluid and electrolytes
Indications
Loperamide HCl is indicated for the control and symptomatic relief of acute non-specific diarrhea and of chronic diarrhea, associated with inflammatory bowel disease. It is also indicated for reducing the volume of discharge from ileostomies.
Contraindications
It should not be used in the cases of acute dysentery and acute ulcerative colitis.
Loperamide HCl is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to Loperamide HCl or to any other excipients.
Loperamide HCl should not be used in acute dysentery, acute ulcerative colitis, bacterial, and enterocolitis.
Drug Interactions
The drug should not be used with the following medication because a very serious interaction may occur. (e.g., anticholinergics such as belladonna scopolamine/benztropine, antispasmodics such as glycopyrrolate/oxybutynin, tricyclic and antidepressants.
Side Effects
Dizziness, drowsiness, tiredness, or constipation may occur. A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing
Warning and Precautions
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Loperamide HCl should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. This drug may pass into breast milk and could have undesirable effects on a nursing infant. Therefore, breast feeding is not recommended while using this drug. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding. During pregnancy, this medication should be used only if clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with doctor.
Dosage & Administration
Patients should receive appropriate fluid and electrolyte replacement as needed.
ADULT:
Acute diarrhea:-
The usual dosage for adults is 4mg (2 capsules) followed by 2mg (1 capsule) one after each unformed stool upto a total maximum 16mg (8 capsules) daily.
Chronic diarrhea:-
The usual dosage for adults is 4 - 8 mg (2-4 capsules).
CHILDREN:
Not recommended for children under 6 years of age. Children 6-8 years (20 - 30 kg) of age 2 capsules bid.
MAXIMUM DOSE:
The maximum dose for acute and chronic diarrhea is 8 capsules daily for adults; in children it must be related to the body weight (3 capsules/20kg).
OVERDOSAGE:
In case of over dosage, paralytic ileus and CNS depression may occur. Clinical trials have shown that slurry of 100g activated charcoal administrated promptly after ingestion of Loperamide HCl can reduce the amount of the drug which is absorbed into the systemic circulation by as much as 9 folds, if vomiting occurs spontaneous upon ingestion. If vomiting has not occurred gastric lavage should be performed followed by administration of 100g of activated charcoal slurry through the gastric tube.
Presentations Available
Diastop™ is available in blister pack of 10's x 20
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